Drafting apparatus



Nov. 16, 1937. v .G. E. REPASS 2,093,974

J I DRAFTING APPARATUS Filed July 16, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet l NOV. 16, 1937. I ss 2,098,974

DRAFTING AP Nov.-16, 1937. G. E. REPASS DRAFTING APPARATUS Filed July 16, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 No. 16, 1937. G, E, REl Ass 2,098,974

DRAFTING APPARATUS Filed July 16, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet'4 Patented Nov. 16, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 9 Claims.

' This invention relates to an improvement in the processing and drafting of roving and yarn. The

invention relates to the problem of controlling the fibers while drafting from a large or coarse 5 roving down to a fine roving or yarn. The revolving trumpet embodying this invention will be placed between the rolls to control the fibers.

Tlrefirst object of this invention is to line up the fioatingfibers which have a tendency to spread and get out of their regular channel while .passing from one roll to another.

' A second object of'theinvention is to condense the fibers while passing from one roll to 'another,in. order that each succeeding roll can drawxthem out into an even finer roving or yarn. A. third object of the invention is to make it possible to have a continued drafting of several sets of rolls in the same machine so that real heavy roving can be drafted into very fine roving oryarn in one process.

:A fourth object of this invention is to twist or roll the fibers together while passing from one roll 'to another. "Afifth object of this invention is to twist or J 'roll the fibers together to make them draw evenly rolls on the roving frame which are known as front, middle and back rolls, thereby accomplishing about 1.20 draft between the middle and back rolls, which is usually known as the brake draft, 7, the main drafting being done between the front and middle roll, which usually runs from 3 to 5 draft. Thesystem used on spinning frames is practically the same as on roving frames. It is not'customary to have too long a draft on roving 'or spinning frames, as the fibers spread out too much causing uneven work, although on the spinning framethe draft between the front and mi'ddle rolls is as high as from 5 to 12.

These objections and troubles are overcome by the use of the present invention which embodies a revolving trumpet placed either between the drafting rolls or between rolls with a small amount of drafting and which trumpet or a series of trumpets placed between different rolls accomplishes the foregoing objects of the inven- 5 5 tion.

In the accompanying drawings,

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan view of a portion of drafting apparatus showing the application of the invention to a three-roll system;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on the line 5 2--2, of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a similar view at right angles thereto, on the line 3-3, of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing the application of the invention to a four-roll sys- 10 Fig. 5 is a similar view showing two trumpets in the system;

Fig. 6 is a perspective View of a portion of the trumpet bar and a trumpet therein; and 15 Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing the invention applied to a five-roll system.

For convenience, only a portion of the usual drafting frame is shown, suflicient to illustrate the application of the invention thereto, but it will be understood that the invention may be applied to each strand of roving or yarn passing through the drafting rolls and that the invention is applicable to different roll systems with which it may be used as found desirable.

In Fig. 1, I have shown a three-roll system in which a portion of the frame is designated l, and in which frame are the back, middle, and front rolls 2, 3 and 4, respectively, each of which is really a pair of rolls between which the strand 0 of roving or yarn passes. The strand is designated S, and passes through the usual roving guide 5, being flattened out into a ribbon between the back and middle rolls 2 and 3. Mounted between the middle and front rolls 3 and dis my revolving trumpet designated generally by the numeral 6, and which is shown in section in Fig. 3 of the drawings.

A trumpet bar is designated by the numeral 1, and is shown mounted between the middle and front rolls 3 and 4, respectively, being constructed hollow to serve as a suitable holder or guide for the trumpets. The trumpet bar extends throughout the length of the drafting frame and has one trumpet for each strand of roving or yarn, 45 passing through the drafting rolls. 1

As shown in Fig. 3, each trumpet 6 has a tubular body portion 8 journaled in opposite sides of the trumpet bar I, and through which a central opening 9 extends being either straight 50 or preferably tapered with a larger receiving end than the delivering end so as to compress and condense the fibers passing therethrough. This opening 9 may be made perfectly smooth on the inside or it may be made with a straight or worm '55 groove therein, as desired. The trumpet 6 is formed with a peripheral enlargement Ill, having a V-shaped groove ll therein, to receive a cord l2, which extends on opposite sides thereof for rotating the trumpet. The cord I2 extends through the trumpet bar for driving the trumpets mounted therein and may be crossed between adjacent trumpets. The location of the cord inside the trumpet bar protects it against accidental displacement. The cord is driven from a pulley 13, mounted on a shaft 14, journaled in a bearing l5, carried by the drafting frame. The shaft l4 may be driven in any desired manner, it being driven through gearing l6 from the front roll 4, according to the illustration shown in Fig. 1. Instead of driving the trumpets by means of the cord illustrated, they might be driven by a chain, if sprocket teeth should be provided on the peripheral enlargement l0, orthe trumpet might be driven from a worm running through the trumpet bar 7 and geared to the peripheral enlargement [0. Any suitable manner of driving the trumpet may be used as found desirable. The speed of the trumpet may be regulated to suit the particular work desired.

While the strand S, is flattened out into ribbon shape between the back and middle rolls 2 and 3, the trumpet 6 compresses this strand into a round compact strand while it is'being drafted from the middle to the front roll, getting a draft from 3 to 12, as may be desired. This draftmay be accomplished by the use of the trumpet on the roving or spinning frame.

Fig. 4 shows a four-roll system showing draft of from 3 to 6 between the back and third rolls 20 and 2|, respectively, showing the fibers being flattened out in a ribbon-like strand. The trume pet 6a is placed between the third and second rolls, the latter being designated 22, for the purpose of condensing the fibers from a flat strand to a round compact one, which is received by the roll 22, and from which the strand passes to the front roll 23. In this instance, the main purpose is to condense the fibers while obtaining only a small draft of about 1.25 to 1.50 getting the fibers into good shape to be drawn between the second and front rolls, obtaining a draft here of about from 3 to 12. The system shown in Fig. 4 can produce a draft of from 5 to 8, depending largely upon the class of stock being used.

Fig. 5 shows a four-roll system drafting all rolls getting a total of between 27 and 220 depending upon the type of stock used. In this arrangement in addition to the trumpet 6a, between the rolls 2| and 22, a second trumpet 6b is used between the second and front rolls 22 and 23, which have a tendency to continue to condense the fibers into smaller strands.

Fig. '7 shows a five-roll system which is very suitable for long staple cotton. This system operates very similar to that shown in Fig. 5, except that in this instance the second roll 33 is a very small roll and is known as a slip-draft roll. In this system, the drafting between the back and fourth rolls 3i) and 3!, and also between the fourth and third rolls 3! and 32, is practically the same as in Fig. 5. There is very little draft between the third and second rolls 32 and 33, which space is used to condense the fibers into a round strand. Drafting again takes place between the second and front rolls 33 and 34. The second top roll is a very light roll which allows the long fibers to slide through without breaking them.

With the use of a number of rolls and these revolving trumpets, it is possible to spin fine yarn from a single strand of drawing sliver, however, it is better to use two strands of roving because if one should run out or break back, the broken one could be pieced back to the remaining one, thereby saving a re-threading operation.

I claim:

1. In drafting apparatus, the combination with a plurality of drafting rolls, of a tubular trumpet bar located between adjacent rolls, trumpets each having opposite ends thereof journaled in opposite sides of said trumpet bar and having a tapered opening therethrough, and means extending longitudinally through the trumpet bar and having driving engagement with said trumpets for rotating said trumpets.

2. In drafting apparatus, the combination with a plurality. of drafting rolls for drafting a strand passing therethrough, of a tubular trumpet bar located between adjacent rolls and extending parallel therewith, a tubular trumpet mainly housed within and protected by the trumpet bar and journaled in opposite sides of said trumpet bar, said trumpet having a tapered opening therethrough in alignment with the drafting rolls for compacting and condensing the fibers in passing between the rolls, and means extending through and protected by the trumpet bar for rotating the trumpet.

3. In drafting apparatus, a hollowtrumpet bar, trumpets within said hollow trumpet bar, each of said trumpets having a tubular body portion journaled in opposite sides of said trumpet bar and having a conical opening therethrough for compacting and condensing the fibers of a strand passing therethrough, and means extending through the trumpet bar having driving engagement with the trumpets for rotating the same;

4. In drafting apparatus, a hollow trumpet bar, trumpets housed within said bar, each of said trumpets having a tubular body portion journaled in opposite sides of said trumpet bar and having a tapered opening therethrough for compacting and condensing the fibers of a strand passing.

therethrough; and means housed within the trumpet bar having driving engagement with the peripheries of said trumpets for rotating the same.

5. In drafting apparatus, the combination with a plurality of drafting rolls for receiving and drafting a strand, of a hollow trumpet bar extending longitudinally of said rolls, a trumpet having opposite ends journaled in opposite sides of said trumpet bar, a drive shaft extending transversely relative to the rolls, and a belt extending longitudinally through the trumpet bar and having driving engagement with the trumpet and driveshaft for driving the trumpet therefrom.

6. In drafting apparatus, the combination with a plurality of drafting rolls for receiving and drafting a strand, of a hollow trumpet bar extending longitudinally of said rolls, a plurality of trumpets journaled in said trumpet bar inv spaced relation, a drive shaft extending transversely of the trumpet bar adjacent an end thereof, and a belt extending longitudinally through the trumpet bar and around the drive shaft and trumpets in driving engagement therewith.

7. In drafting apparatus, the combination with a plurality of drafting rolls for receiving and drafting a strand, of a hollow trumpet bar extending longitudinally of said rolls, a plurality of trumpets each having opposite ends journaled in opposite sides of said trumpet bar, a drive shaft extending transversely of the trumpet bar adjacent an end thereof, and a belt extending longitudinally through the trumpet bar and around the drive shaft and trumpets in driving engagement therewith, said belt being crossed between adjacent trumpets and between the drive shaft and adjacent trumpet.

8. In cotton drafting apparatus, the combination of a plurality of pairs of cotton drafting rolls, said pairs of rolls being arranged relatively close together and in parallel relation, said drafting rolls being constructed and arranged for drafting cotton rovings at a plurality of different points therealong, a hollow trumpet bar extending longitudinally between the pairs of rolls, a plurality of short rotary trumpets journaled in said trumpet bar at the respective points of drafting, and means extending lengthwise through said trumpet bar for driving the trumpets.

9. In cotton drafting apparatus, the combination of a plurality of pairs of cotton drafting rolls, said pairs of rolls being arranged relatively close together and in parallel relation, said drafting rolls being constructed and arranged for drafting cotton rovings at a plurality of different points therealong, a hollow trumpet bar made in two sections divided longitudinally and secured together, said trumpet bar extending longitudinally between the pairs of rolls, a. plurality of short rotary trumpets journaled in opposite sides of said trumpet bar at the respective points of drafting, and means extending lengthwise through said trumpet bar for driving the trumpets.

GEORGE E. REPASS. 

